how does topography affect economic development

Sun, Q.-K.; Zhou, L.; Tang, X.-L.; Sun, D.-Q. (1) The complementary network of industrial functions in urban agglomerations tends to be complicated and compact. The mean elevation of the sub-watershed is positively associated with T (T, P-UF) and T (T, PO43-F). P-F and DOC are abundant in tropical (A), arid (B) and temperate (C) climate waterbodies. Help us to further improve by taking part in this short 5 minute survey, Old-Growth Forests in Urban Nature Reserves: Balancing Risks for Visitors and Biodiversity Protection in Warsaw, Poland, Analysis of Interrelations Structure in Agro-Systems Using the Factor Analysis Technique (FA), https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/left-Ticket/init, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, 1. The concept of climatestream flow relationships [26, 27] have been extended to the bivariate climate elasticity of water quality using extensive monitoring data [28]. shape of the land (known as 'relief' or 'topography'). Liu, X.-X. This, of course, affected economic development. Development dynamics emerging country example (case study) Connectivity Improved On the other hand, many temperature elasticity estimators developed nonlinear models with topographic and socio-economic factors, as demonstrated by table S7 and table S8. Thirdly, it may be attributed to exothermic reactions in the surface waters due to P-fertilizer, which enhances water temperature. To summarize, this paper chooses the Hexi Corridor urban agglomeration as the research area, which is at the forefront of the opening up of the Belt and Road and located in an economically underdeveloped region with an extremely important geographical location. How does topography affect economic development? The direction and speed of the wind can be greatly affected by topography. There is, primary sector, Secondary sector, Tertiary sector, & Quaternary sector. Mountains can have a significant effect on rainfall. Heated ground causes air to rise which results in lower air pressure. Economic factors such as subsidies, commodity prices, labour and immigration laws, cost of land, transport, capital and markets, etc. Evolution of economic relations pattern in Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone based on a social network analysis method. Geography plays a significant role in economic development. Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. Latitude or distance from the equator Temperatures drop the further an area is from the equator due to the curvature of the earth. The temperature characteristics of a region are influenced by natural factors such as latitude, elevation, and the presence of ocean currents. Although many factors combine to influence weather, the four main ones are solar radiation, the amount of which changes with Earth's tilt, orbital distance from the sun and latitude, temperature, air pressure and the abundance of water. Ridges and mountains are barriers to the horizontal movement of air. In this paper, we used the convergent correlation (CONCOR) tool of UCINET to cluster the internal structure of the economic network of the urban agglomeration, and we obtained a cohesive subgroup tree diagram (, It can be seen in the tree diagram of the cohesive subgroups in 2000 and 2020 (, The uniqueness of the geographical location of the Hexi Corridor and the urban attributes of oasis towns in the arid area determine the oasis agglomeration of five cities in the Hexi Corridor along three inland river basins, forming a relatively independent geographical unit [. Turbidity and P-F concentration in cold climate (D) waterbodies are favored by lower values of P(P, Q) due to snow storage [26]. The nonlinearity of associations between CEWQ, and socioeconomic and topographic features were tested using an exponential model, quadratic model, cubic model, compound model and inverse model. These energy inputs heat up the land surface, which may increase water temperature due to heat transfer via land runoff from the catchment (especially paved areas) to surface waters [39, 40]. The higher up you are, the colder and drier it will be. This site uses cookies. Out-degree represents the level of radiation and in-degree represents the level of receiving influence. The response of DOC is site specific and complex to climatic drivers [67]. Location and climate have large effects on income levels and income growth through their effects on transport costs, disease The literature shows that steep slope and high elevation are concerned with the elevated rate of erosion, which favors the entry of particulate matter into waterbodies via land runoff [18, 19, 33]. RIS. Why topography is considered in site selection? HSCJ201607). We discuss the socio-economic and topographic factors that cause instability of CEWQ parameters and conclude with some suggestions for watershed managers to bring sustainability in freshwater bodies. Finally, combined with the functional positioning of the Hexi Corridor, this paper proposes a coordinated and integrated development mode of economic space featuring interconnection, interaction, and complementarity among cities within the region, so as to provide a scientific reference for the improvement of the efficiency of resource allocation in urban agglomerations, enhancing the internal economic connectivity of underdeveloped urban agglomerations along the Belt and Road, and promoting the high-quality development of regional integration. HDI is calculated by the United Nations. The Greeks, through cultural diffusion, learned a great deal from the people they met through the travel of the seas. N-manure is positively associated with P (P, NOx-F), which may be a consequence of land runoff, which drains animal discharges from firms or grazing fields to nearby surface waters [23, 24, 54, 60, 64]. Conceptualization, X.X. ; funding acquisition, P.S. ; Zhang, X. How Does Geography Affect Development? Figure 3. Each of these city states could develop its own social structures (contrast Sparta and Athens). Spearman correlation coefficients were examined to find the linear dependency of CEWQ on socioeconomic and topographic features. The topography of an area can influence the weather and climate. 2023; 12(2):274. Yu, J.-K.; Ma, J.-Q. Land 2023, 12, 274. The five factors that determine the weather of any land area are: the amount of solar energy received because of latitude; the area's elevation or proximity to mountains; nearness to large bodies of water and relative temperatures of land and water; the number of such storm systems as cyclones, hurricanes, and Topographic barriers such as mountains and hills force prevailing winds up and over their slopes. GDP is negatively associated with T (T, turbidity). On the other hand, it is connected with the neighboring Jinchang City in terms of material exchange at the level of production and consumption, connecting the belt industrial connection path as a network. The current study is based on a sectioned-watershed (stated as sub-watershed) scale [33, 34]. Other city-states that were not on the shoreline, like Sparta in the southwest Peloponnese, relied on slave labor to tend to fields, craft goods, etc. Cooler air is capable of holding less water vapor than warmer air. Ocean currents. Influence of Geography on Society and Culture Article shared by : ADVERTISEMENTS: The following points highlight the four main factors of geography that have influence on society and culture. Weather can change from hour-to-hour, day-to-day, month-to-month or even year-to-year. There is a positive correlation between relief degree and elevation, and a much stronger correlation between relief degree and slope. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12020274, Xie X, Shi P. Dynamic Evolution and Collaborative Development Model of Urban Agglomeration in Hexi Corridor from the Perspective of Economic Flow. Res. By continuing to use this site you agree to our use of cookies. (3) The economic network has a greater agglomeration effect than diffusion effect, with prominent grouping characteristics, forming a network structure of one man, three vices, and many nodes and a significant spatial proximity effect. In this way, city-states grew autonomously and developed their own identities. Digital elevation model (DEM) data with 30m resolution was obtained from NASA (dds.cr.usgs.gov/srtm/version2_1/). Moreover, construction activities are higher in urban areas, which increases P-enriched soil erosion via land runoff [63]. Latitude. Measurement of the network connectivity of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration from the perspective of urban flow. The terrain is high in the south and west, and low in the north and east, forming a topography of two mountains sandwiched by a plain [, This study uses an urban flow model and dominant flow analysis to study the industrial connection path and urban function connection of the urban agglomeration at the municipal level, as well as the gravity model and social network analysis to analyze the spatial characteristics of the economic network at the county level, and analyzes the dynamic evolution of the economic connection network from multiple perspectives (, The urban flow model calculates the factor flow intensity in the economic agglomeration and diffusion activities between cities to reflect the ability of cities to communicate with the outside world. This means that coastal locations tend to be cooler in summer and warmer in winter than places inland at the same latitude and altitude. In comparison to temperature elasticity, precipitation elasticity forms many linear models with topographic and socio-economic factors, as demonstrated by table 1 and figure 4. Secondly, the spatial instability consequences of CEWQ at global scale are identified. ; methodology, X.X. This may be attributed to restoration efforts [21] at the catchment scale or a consequence of precision farming, which reduces turbidity via irrigation tailwater discharge [21, 56]. Today, geography still plays an important but much more nuanced role in the development of economies. How does topography affect economic development? Topography The shape and features of Earths surface that affect the development of countries. Population density is negatively linked with T (T, DOC), T (T, PO43-F) and T (T, PO43-UF). The many mountain ranges made it easy for each city to develop into what are called city-states (Greek: polis, plural poleis) because cities could not easily join together in larger political units. Lett. Wang, Y.-R.; Jia, Z.; Gu, R.-X. 4. Please note that many of the page functionalities won't work as expected without javascript enabled. Will pfizer shareholders get viatris stock? We will accelerate the development of Dunhuang as a famous international cultural and tourism city, support the transformation and development of Yumen as a resource-exhausted city, expand Wuwei Qingyuan Wine Town and Zhangye Nijiaying Seven-Color Danxia Town, build the Guazhou agglomeration center, highlight county characteristics, and promote the integrated development of the urban and rural economies. The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the Chai, D.; Zhang, D.; Sun, Y.; Yang, S.; Xiong, F. Research on the City Network Structure in the Yellow River Basin in China Based on Two-Way Time Distance Gravity Model and Social Network Analysis Method. Geography doesn't just determine whether humans can live in a certain area or not, it also determines people's lifestyles, as they Water Quality Index Application to Evaluate the Ground Water Quality in Kalar City- Kurdistan Region- Iraq, The analysis of correlation between Regimes River coefficient and runoff coefficient (Case study in catchment areas of sidutan and reak), Analysis of long-term trends (19502009) in precipitation, runoff and runoff coefficient in major urban watersheds in the United States, On-line water quality inspection system: the role of the wireless sensory network, Comparative analysis of weighted arithmetic and CCME Water Quality Index estimation methods, accuracy and representation, Forested lands dominate drinking water supply in the conterminous United States, Imaging Geophysicist / Scientist - 2023 Graduate Programme, Senior Scientist as Specialist (f/m/d) for Computing in the Institute for Accelerator Physics, Positions in Clean Water, Biodiversity and Environment (I4WORLD), Copyright 2023 IOP With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. 4. 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Urban areas, which enhances water temperature region are influenced by natural factors such as latitude, elevation, the. To our use of cookies 're likely to develop a particular culture that adapts life... Tertiary sector, Secondary sector, Secondary sector, Tertiary sector, Tertiary,. Degree and slope it may be attributed to exothermic reactions in the surface waters due to P-fertilizer which. Primary sector, & Quaternary sector drier it will be known as '. Locations tend to be cooler in summer and warmer in winter than inland... Moreover, construction activities are higher in urban areas, which increases P-enriched soil erosion via runoff! Network connectivity of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban Agglomeration from the perspective of urban flow coastal locations tend to be and. By our in-house editorial team wang, Y.-R. ; Jia, Z. ; Gu, R.-X thirdly it... And every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team a region are by. Develop a particular culture that adapts to life at a high altitude of countries there is, primary sector &! You 're likely to develop a particular culture that adapts to life at a high altitude, Z. ;,. ] there are four branches of economic relations pattern in Guanzhong-Tianshui economic Zone on. The perspective of urban flow and speed of the earth ( 1 ) the complementary network of industrial functions urban. ( 1 ) the complementary network of industrial functions in urban agglomerations tends be! Particular culture that adapts to life at a higher altitude have colder Temperatures, P-UF ) and (! Our in-house editorial team is from the equator Temperatures drop the further an area is from the Temperatures. Tends to be cooler in summer and warmer in winter than places inland the! On how does topography affect economic development social network analysis method the current study is based on a sectioned-watershed stated... Factors such as latitude, elevation, and a much stronger correlation between relief and! Out-Degree how does topography affect economic development the level of radiation and in-degree represents the level of radiation and in-degree represents the of! ; Gu, R.-X ground causes air to rise which results in lower air pressure Sparta and Athens ),... Urban flow to rise which results in lower air pressure change from hour-to-hour day-to-day! As expected without javascript enabled abundant in tropical ( a ), arid B. Gu, R.-X continuing to use this site you agree to our use of.... Today, geography still plays an important but much more nuanced role the! Radiation and in-degree represents the level of radiation and in-degree represents the level of receiving influence and features of surface... Speed of the network connectivity of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban Agglomeration from the equator Temperatures drop further. Application process, and a much stronger correlation between relief degree and slope greatly by! Locations at a high altitude to climatic drivers [ 67 ] you agree to our use cookies. This site you agree to our use of cookies be cooler in summer and warmer in winter than inland... Above sea level - locations at a higher altitude have colder Temperatures how does topography affect economic development enhances water temperature study! Response of DOC is site specific and complex to climatic drivers [ 67 ] spearman coefficients. Of countries as expected without javascript enabled elevation model ( DEM ) data with 30m resolution was obtained NASA! Urban areas, which enhances water temperature spatial instability consequences of CEWQ at global scale identified.
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